Land Registration Act Reforms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Land Registration Act Reforms - Essay Example Past to this demonstration, the unregistered terrains were managed by the 1925 property enactment and the customary law and value rules. The production of the 2002 Land Registration Act realizes a progressive change in the manner conveyancing in Wales and England is continued, and furthermore to make a cutting edge land enlistment system1. The essential point of the Land Registration Act 2002 is to fundamentally diminish the measure of abrogating intrigues which can conceivably tie an enlisted title buyer and supplant the greater part of them with sections which are registrable. 2. Enlisted Land Registered land alludes to the land where the title of the land has been enrolled into the Land Registry and the goal is to make an enlisted section of responsibility for and furthermore of the outsider which is included into the enlistment procedure. The hypothesis expresses the buyer will not have to look other than into the register to make enquiries with respect to the cost of land bought . In genuine condition, if superseding interests are material on a real estate parcel, which may happen even on the off chance that when the purchaser is bound to the land and the name of buyer shows up no place into the register, at that point the buyer needs to look a long ways past the register. Enrolled land possession is regularly more striking than the responsibility for land.2 Wherever the title has been enlisted, they will undoubtedly be ascertainable and enlisted from the register; anyway it is frequently liable to abrogating interests. 3. Parts of Overriding Interests Overriding interests are for the most part the interests that are given for enrolled land which has not been enlisted and it ties the buyer to the land. Superseding interests can be isolated into two classifications - the abrogating on the primary enrollments (referenced under LRA 2002 of s. 1) and the superseding enrolled attitude (referenced under LRA 2002, s. 3). In both the timetables, comparative classif ications of interests' terms are referenced, in spite of the fact that there are numerous limitations inside the extent of these interests. Superseding interests is appropriate on short rents and it gives the option to individuals who are really possessing the land,3 while it does exclude home loans of enrolled land or bequests, the outsiders which are enlisted against the domain and the momentary rent which abrogates minor interests. On the off chance that the outsider is abrogating interests against the enrolled home, at that point it naturally gets the option to tie the purchasers. This can be contrasted with the lawful interests, which is given against unregistered title. In the event that the outsider doesn't abrogate, at that point it turns into the minor intrigue which will tie the buyers just in a condition when it is ensured through some kind of register section (This is tantamount to the land charges required for enlistment). It is expressed by the mirror rule that until i t influences the title, the lawful utilization of the happiness regarding the land can never be finished and this implies the class ought to be annulled or it ought to be altogether decreased. There are some of the time various interests which incorporates the lawful and evenhanded interests which are not on the register and it ties the buyer of the land, regardless of the irregularity of notice with the idea of title registration.4 Other related parts of the proposition of abrogating intere

The Effects of Prison Economy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Effects of Prison Economy - Research Paper Example Siegel (2009) has plainly and just proffered the fundamental mechanics of the presence of a court workgroup by affirming that the arraignment and safeguard join to work out a criminal case in a community oriented and helpful point to show up at an understanding amiable to the two gatherings (20). The advantages that the court workgroup would create on all gatherings included are esteemed to exceed the expenses of experiencing the whole legal procedures of a preliminary. On the off chance that individuals are to be made increasingly mindful of the fundamental fixings, approach and articulated advantages of court workgroup, condemning choices and concurred settlement of criminal cases would be encouraged at the most fitting time allotment. The impact of court workgroup on the result of criminal cases would be assessed and surveyed as far as elements that impact the choice. In such manner, the flow look into plans to proffer issues relative of court workgroups by explaining and investig ating its definition, the fundamental segments of the workgroup, the basic fixings to make it work. One would dive into the jobs and elements of the segments of the workgroup to decide the effect on condemning choices. At long last, the effect of court workgroup would be firmly investigated from alternate points of view as observed in assorted purposes of perspectives. Do criminal equity results showed up at by court workgroups serve the eventual benefits of all gatherings included? Definition and Goals Courtroom Workgroups To plainly give a more prominent comprehension of court workgroups, the specific meaning of the terms would be introduced. The examination led by Haynes, Ruback and Cusick (2008) refered to the investigations made by Eisenstein and his associates (Eisenstein et al., 1988; Eisenstein and Jacob, 1977; Nardulli, Eisenstein, and Flemming, 1988), who asserted that â€Å"courtroom workgroups comprise of people who share a typical working environment, who cooperate in the exhibition of their occupations, and whose aggregate reason for existing is to discard case† (Haynes, et.al, 2008, 5). Vuolo (2007) clarified the arrangement of the court workgroup as â€Å" investigators, resistance lawyers, judges, and sometimes police (who) cooperate with the shared enthusiasm of taking care of business as effectively as possible† (10). The creator, in like manner, accentuated that in spite of the fact that there is a level of collaboration, some degree of limitation and control in the degree of conduct of the members. As Siegel (2009) demonstrated, the individuals who contain the court work bunch have set up a level of commonality in spite of supposition of unique jobs and considered to have gained skills and mastery in their particular capacities that their goal is to smooth out the framework to dispense with pointless deferrals and to dodge costs identified with preliminaries. The investigation of Eisenstein and his associates, refered to by H aynes, et.al (2008) have incited the attention on the view of court workgroups, as far as guilty parties and cases, as fundamentally influencing the result of condemning. In this way, to address the exploration question as the objective of the present investigation, a closer assessment of the creation, capacity, and variables that impact court work groups’ choice would give the way in to the reaction. The elements that should be considered in court work bunches are the degree and degree of commonality among the individuals, just as â€Å"the setting in which the court is found, and the district lawful culture (i.e.,

Book Recommendations for The Justice League (And A Few That Theyve Already Read)

Book Recommendations for The Justice League (And A Few That Theyve Already Read) With the latest superhero movie on the horizon, I got to thinking about the reading life of these heroes. So here are my book recommendations for The Justice League (plus a few books that Im sure are already on their shelves). Wonder Woman What She Has Read: The Last Tudor by Philippa Gregory Given what we learned about Wonder Woman in the first movie, I feel like she’s spent a good portion of her time in the realm of mortals studying. Therefore, it stands to reason that she’s made her way through the Philippa Gregory catalogue to learn about important times in European history. It doesn’t hurt that Gregory writes from a distinctly female perspective. What She Should Read: Men Explain Things to Me by Rebecca Solnit If Diana were my friend (oh, if wishing made it so) I would absolutely recommend this book of essays to her. As the only lead female character in the Justice League, I feel like she would sympathize with Solnit’s viewpoint on feminism. Given the success of the Wonder Woman movie and the giant step back that the Justice League film took in terms of the Amazon warriors’ costumes (for further reading check out this piece from The Golden Lasso) I would bet that the title essay will be of particular interest to Diana. Aquaman What He Has Read:  The Message by Katherine  Applegate With his ability to breathe underwater and his connection with sea creatures, I feel like he would have a special connection with the popular 1990s Animorphs novel series. In The Message the main character can turn into a dolphin and she’s able to use her particular marine viewpoint to solve problems. I feel that Aquaman probably read this book and felt a kinship with Cassie as a youth. What He Should Read: Kon-Tiki: Across the Pacific in a Raft by Thor Heyerdahl This classic about sailing across the Pacific Ocean sounds perfect for Aquaman. After adventuring with the Justice League I think he’d enjoy the fact that this book is all about a team expedition across the sea. That, combined with the discussion of man’s relationship with the ocean, makes it an easy pick for Aquaman. Batman What He Has Read: Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert M. Pirsig No doubt Alfred forced this one on a younger Bruce Wayne. A literary work about living life to its fullest, I would bet that Bruce read it begrudgingly. I would also bet that it had a pretty profound impact on him and that he often references it when doing business deals for Wayne Industries. What He Should Read: Crazy Rich Asians by Kevin Kwan Bruce should absolutely read this modern classic. A story about a young rich man with a secret identity sounds a little familiar doesn’t it? The opulence, the tense personal relationships, and the public spotlight that comes with large fortunes are all reasons I think he’d feel drawn to the storyline. Lastly, I feel like he could learn a thing or two from the cultural context in the novel that would add to his knowledge of the world. Cyborg What He Has Read: Ancillary Justice by Ann Leckie The main character in this novel is an artificial intelligence from a ship inside a human body. I feel like he would be drawn to the novel’s discussion of the relationship between technology and humans. I also would bet that given his age and his connection to technology/the internet he heard all the buzz surrounding this book and read it during his college athlete days. Plus, his knowledge of weapons technology fits in well with the soldier aspect of Breq’s storyline in Ancillary Justice. What He Should Read: Infomocracy by Malka Ann Older A futuristic world wherein politics and technology are intertwined is the setting for this novel, making it a perfect fit for Cyborg. Given that he is described as a combination of the power of technology and the strength of the human heart, I believe he would love this unique look at the relationship between humanity and computer companies. The Flash What He Has Read: Ahsoka by E.K. Johnston As the nerdy teen member of the Justice League, Barry Allen has definitely read novels from the Star Wars canon. I would bet that while he’s read all of them, but something like Ahsoka would be near the top of his list of favourites. A well-written YA novel expanding upon the story of a character from the lesser-known animated series would be right up this teens alley and maybe even a contender for his favourite. What He Should Read: What I Talk About When I Talk About Running by Haruki Murakami Even if you know nothing about The Flash, you probably know about the running aspect of his super powers. This novel is Murakami’s meditation on the impact that the sport of running has had on his fascinating life. The topic, paired with the fact that it’s written by a modern master, make it a great fit for Barry. Sign up to The Stack to receive  Book Riot Comic's best posts, picked for you.

Review Of Woody Allen s Wild Strawberries - 1661 Words

Introduction Ingmar Bergman has been openly described by Woody Allen as a major influence in his craft of making films. Throughout the years of his career, spanning over decades, Allen has been heavily drawn to Bergman’s style as an art form, enough to impact his own style of telling stories in the cinematic medium. Bergman’s strong method of telling a story was truly riveting and groundbreaking in the entertainment industry, especially for the development of Swedish cinema. As for American cinema, Allen has left a huge footprint on the industry as well, and with Bergman as an open influence, Allen has gone to make many successful films, impacting many audiences worldwide. Bergman’s 1957 Film, Wild Strawberries Bergman’s film, Wild Strawberries, released in 1957, is truly one of Bergman’s most forgiving, riveting, raw, and yet, sensitive films telling the story of a professor, bound to receive an honorary award at Lund, Sweden. The professor, Isak Borg, is widowed and goes on a road trip to Lund with his brutally honest and newly pregnant daughter-in-law, Marianne. Along the way, they stop to visit his childhood summer home and that is when the gates of Borg’s memory open. Through his series of flashbacks, we see the bitter and the sweet parts of his past that eventually led him to his current state, which is this feeling of cold and utter insensitivity that truly has the rest of the characters feeling a little displeased. According to Macnab (2009), BergmanShow MoreRelatedProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCritical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure andRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages....................................................................................................... 5 Examples of Good Reasoning............................................................................................................. 14 Review of Major Points ....................................................................................................................... 17 Glossary .................................................................................................Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pageschapter. 5. Use technology for developing conceptual understanding and analyzing data. The computer has brought incredible statistical power to the desktop of every investigator. The wide availability of statistical computer packages such as MINITAB, S-Plus, JMP, and SPSS, and the graphical capabilities of the modern microcomputer have transformed both the teaching and learning of statistics. To highlight the role of the computer in contemporary statistics, we have included sample output xvi

The 2013 s Americans For The Arts Policy Roundtable Program

The 2013’s Americans for the Arts policy roundtable program let the panels from different backgrounds got together and discussed about what arts should focus on this year, and the topic they came out was â€Å"Arts and Healing: Mind, Body and Community † (â€Å"2013 Report And Recommendations†, 3). When I first saw this topic, one name jumped into my mind, James Rhodes, a rising British pianist. He was abused by his teacher back into teenage time, and this tragic experience brought him not only physical harms but also mental illness. He got involved into some drug issues and everything just seemed so messed up. However, it is music that pulls him back from the edge and let him become whom he is today. He once said in the interview â€Å"On the piano†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦All those news are terrible, and it is about murder, corruption, and other bad things. Living in this society, I think everyone, no matter how happy that person looks like, we hav e some sort of â€Å"sickness† and need to get healed. Thus, I think this â€Å"policy† (it is more like a proposal to me) definitely is trying to serve a large population of people and aim to improve our living qualities and conditions in a more mentally way. According to this report, this program focused on providing arts programs and trainings for military veterans and service members as well. This policy also wants to cooperate with both social medias and healthcare organizations in order to hold healing groups to help people to recover and using digital technologies to increase the accessibility to arts (â€Å"2013 Report And Recommendations†, 4). First of all, I love their ideas of working with social media companies and high-technology companies. Nowadays, we rely on those two things the most, and try to let them get into the art world is actually making arts more visible and accessible to people. In the report, they said â€Å"Although we must take care to preserve the integrity of art, we should also welcome new digital changes and use them to improve our field† (â€Å"2013 Report And Recommendations†, 20). They also gave an example of how to digitalize the arts and let them easy to access, which was letting the music therapists

Short Story - 1771 Words

For the first time, in the three years I’d been diving, I struggled with my buoyancy; I don’t know how fast I sank, but it was more than one foot per second. I felt a pressure was intense I thought my head would pop. I needed to equalize; I pushed the power inflator button on my BC to give it a shot of air from the tank. I gave it just enough to counteract the sinking, then released the dump valve to let the air out slowly, and descend at the correct rate. I went up and down using this method until I reached the bottom. I spotted the equipment at the canyon ridge and swam toward it. How did it had traveled so far? I separated the hoses from the long arms of kelp and unpacked the tank wrapped in the kelp. A kelp leaf passed through†¦show more content†¦I spun around as fast as I could with the added weight. Nothing was there except the black. I turned my flashlight on, and it remained dark. Now my heart thumped. With each beat, my body propelled slightly forward and back. The depth below seemed to pass through the earth’s core and to places I didn’t want to go. I couldn’t swim, and I couldn’t see. The sound of gurgling air bubbles became amplified crackles, and the crescendo drove me crazy. I was petrified. Still, I had no choice but to stare into the abyss. I woke to an awareness which detailed my life’s experiences in one breathtaking, then terrifying moment. I knew why I wore floral shirts, I knew why I liked physics, I knew why certain people bothered me, and how I became a loner. I could see the earth floating in space, orbiting our star. From the furthest reaches of space, I viewed myself in the ocean’s currents, its weather systems. All shapes made sense; a shower of electric-blue circles. Were they jellyfish? Ellipses and parabolas which danced in shades of magenta. Maybe sea worms? Squares and rectangles zoomed back and forth so fast it appeared like I was inside of an atom. I knew why I spoke with particular inflections; I could name every teacher, friend, or movie star from whom those traits I inherited. The higher pitch when I tried to impress, or how I became moreShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Legalizing Marijuana in California

Question: Discuss about the Legalizing Marijuana in California. Answer: Legalization of marijuana remains a good move for social justices as asserted by proponents. The pot prices are headed for a rise once the legalization is finalized and implemented. For a long time, laws on drugs have been utilized when arresting as well as incarcerating minorities at extremely exorbitant and upper rates than the whites. Additionally, validation of pot has occurred to be less dangerous than alcohol, as President himself put it categorically (Choo et al., 2014). Thus rather than establishing a black-market for these offenders, it is rational to impose tax on it besides subsequently regulated it to help individuals of California. In lieu of this, it is true that the main purpose for legalizing marijuana is to increase the revenues derived from taxation. These are sound as well as noble arguments. There is hence a need for people to vote Yes on Proposition 64, which is a measure that will legalize recreational marijuana for people above 21 years. The 15% taxation on the marijuana for recreational purposes under these measures shall enhance weeds price contrasted with that person who undertake to sell marijuana out of her apartment. The sales tax in certain portion of the law of LA County is already ten cents on the dollar. Therefore, if one is looking at a sheer price rise for ones organic harvest if one were to purchase it lawfully for frivolous use. Studies have shown that even the wholesale price base will probably upsurge, at least on interim magnitudes, in case voters legalize marijuana (Gieringer, Rosenthal Carter, 2008). As predicted by the released white paper, there will be an inevitable surge in the pot prices once the rules of Proposition 64 opens the door to the recreational retailers commencing in 2018. Following the Gold Rush: California, Cannabis and Election by data on marijuana price firm Cannabis Benchmarks examined at what occurred following the recreational ratification in Oregon, Washing and Colorado to make a deduction. In Oregon, the legalization was followed by an increasing weed prices in reaction to its ratification, plus a 200.0 dollar a pound point, to a price of 1,941.0 dollars, late previous year, as well as a 12% spike further in the current year, based on the said white paper. The 1st rise was due to dispensaries that were stocking up to allow them meet the surged demand; 2nd rise was a reaction to a supply tailback as rules and regulations compelled retailing group to purchase produce which had been established by the corresponding ascribed labs. The CEO of Cannabis Benchmarks, Jonathan Rubin explicated the various factors possible of increasing post-legalization prices in California. Compliance: Proposition 64 shall decree licences for the cultivators as well as venders, along with regulating packaging as well as labelling which all cost money and hence shifted to the prices. Stocking up: The dispensaries will have to engage in advance purchasing to ensure their respective shelves are adequately stocked on January 1, 2018, when, as the Proposition 64 has gone through, anybody with a heartbeat as well as an Identification Document validating they are twenty-one years or older can then move into these dispensaries and purchase pot. Demand: Since virtually everyone will be capable of buying the weed, demand is anticipated to surge. Advanced demand will denoted advanced prices of the legalized marijuana. Testing: Compulsory merchandise testing not solely decelerates the supply line thereby adding costs for the producers, yet it further implies that non-compliant product will be held and further destroyed. Fewer supply will denote higher or surged prices of the legali zed marijuana (Knopf, 2017). The above variables have accounted for price surges as witnessed in states which have already legalized the recreational marijuana. Nevertheless, the CEO further recognized that California is a distinct beast. Experts have also agreed that around one-eighty percent of the Americas weed emerges from the Golden State. Outdoor growers in this state have enormous capacity, and this could assist to alleviate certain price fluctuation. However, it is believed that consumers will still view higher-priced pot. In every commodity market, the final user is the person costs get passed on to. The surge might be interim, portion of a boom-bust cycle whereby entrepreneurs haste into an emerging market and subsequently create huge amounts of products and hence, much competition which makes the prices to level of sooner than anticipated. Where prices remain extremely high, more players are attracted, and the stiffness of competition rises, more supply, and in turn prices decline (McGinty et al., 2017). Longer-run prices will stabilize as the economic forces of demand and supply hit equilibrium. This scenario will afford the prevailing cultivators as well as early entrants the chance for optimizing their corresponding operations as well guarantee security of their competitive stances. Legalization Influence on Demand and Supply It is expected that the demand for marijuana will increase with the legalization. As has been witnessed in other states including Washington, Colorado and Oregon whereby marijuana use, sales and production are presently legalized, the demand have always gone up unlike place where use of pot is restrained and prohibited (New York State Medical Marijuana Program 2015). Over 70% of the demand for marijuana emerge from approximately thirty percent of its users in states where it is already legalized (Gourdet et al., 2017). For example, the demand for Marijuana from the users of 21 and older can be illustrated below: The price is down in Colarado. A single ounce sale in June 2014 averaged between $300 to $400 and in June 2015, it averaged between $250 and $300 and presently, the price ranges between $241.91 (high-quality) and $196.26 (medium quality) (Pacula, 2010). In Washington, the price plunged as can be seen by the diagram below indicating ratio of sales value to weight in dollars a gram: Given the above information, the bottom line for demand and supply can be illustrated. As has been witnessed in other states, it was a classic supply as well as demand and hence, California will never be an exemption. Since the number of retailers as well as cultivators will multiply, the supply and demand curves will shift rightwards as illustrated below: The 15% sales tax imposed by this measure on retail sales of marijuana alongside the cultivation tax of $9.25% per ounce of marijuana flowers as well as $2.75% per ounce of marijuana leaves substantially enable state government of California to collect a huge amount of tax revenue. This is so due to price elasticity of demand. The PED of marijuana is inelastic and, hence even with the interim anticipated rise in prices, many people will still buy (Cerd et al., 2017). This is coupled by the as at November 9, 2016, residents of California of 21 and older were permitted to own as much as an ounce of marijuana or eight grams of concentrated cannabis based on the California chapter of National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML). Further, the residents are permitted to grow as many as 6 plants a residence as well as owns the marijuana produced by such plants. These will ensure that by January 1, 2018, when the sales will be opened, the government will draw as much tax revenue as possible before the prices finally stabilize in the long run. The ushering of Marijuana will be seen as substitute to Tobacco products and hence it may reduce the consumption of Tobacco and hence lower tax revenue from Tobacco products. However, the government will still benefits as the tax revenue lost from Tobacco will be offset but increased consumption of recreational marijuana which will still get into the government coffers (Carnevale et al., (2017). Accordingly, the Proposition 64s envisioned fiscal influence is realistic. This is as mentioned above, the fiscal influence is to get more tax revenue from recreational Marijuana. This is exactly what will happen since besides people shifting from Tobacco to Marijuana, the uses of Marijuana in the black market will now cease to hide and consume it which will not be accounted for as tax revenue (Pacula, 2017)). References Carnevale, J. T., Kagan, R., Murphy, P. J., Esrick, J. (2017). A practical framework for regulating for-profit recreational marijuana in US States: Lessons from Colorado and Washington. International Journal of Drug Policy. Cerd, M., Wall, M., Feng, T., Keyes, K. M., Sarvet, A., Schulenberg, J., ... Hasin, D. S. (2017). Association of state recreational marijuana laws with adolescent marijuana use. JAMA pediatrics, 171(2), 142-149. Choo, E. K., Benz, M., Zaller, N., Warren, O., Rising, K. L., McConnell, K. J. (2014). The impact of state medical marijuana legislation on adolescent marijuana use. Journal of Adolescent Health, 55(2), 160-166. Gieringer, D. H., Rosenthal, E., Carter, G. T. (2008). Marijuana medical handbook: Practical guide to the therapeutic uses of marijuana. Oakland, Calif: Quick American. Knopf, A. (2017). Marijuana legalization: What effect does it have on teens?. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 33(2), 1-7. McGinty, E. E., Niederdeppe, J., Heley, K., Barry, C. L. (2017). Public perceptions of arguments supporting and opposing recreational marijuana legalization. Preventive Medicine, 99, 80-86. New York State Medical Marijuana Program. (May 2015). Retrieved from: https://www.health.ny.gov/regulations/medical_marijuana/ Pacula, R. L. (2010). Examining the Impact of Marijuana Legalization on Marijuana Consumption. Pacula, R. L. (2017). Regulating Medical Marijuana Markets. Gourdet, C., Giombi, K. C., Kosa, K., Wiley, J., Cates, S. (2017). How four US states are regulating recreational marijuana edibles. International Journal of Drug Policy, 43, 83-90.

Right To Die Essays - Medical Ethics, Euthanasia, Right To Die

Right To Die In John A. Robertson's essay, "Cruzan: No Rights Violated," he argues that the decision made by the Missouri Supreme Court to deny Nancy Beth Cruzan's parents' request to have their daughter's artificial nutrition and hydration tube removed was not a violation of Nancy Beth Cruzan's right to refuse treatment because she had not personally refused treatment. Robertson also claims that keeping Cruzan alive with this particular medical treatment does not alienate her constitutional rights, or her parents'. Robertson states that, " A permanently vegetative patient does not have interests that can be harmed," simply because he/she cannot feel pain and doesn't know his/her present condition. Robertson then goes on to say that simply assuming that one would decline treatment in that situation because of his/her prior beliefs is not enough evidence to maintain that the directive was, in fact, released by the said person, and to relieve their self from a state law that orders such a treatment, the person must have released a directive against that particular treatment. If one were to argue that an incompetent patient has the right to have their medical treatment decided by another person on the presumption that it follows with the patient's previous beliefs, Robertson would declare that the patient is much different than they were before and does not reserve a constitutional right to be managed in the same way they would have been. In placing the right to decide Nancy's treatment in her parents' hands, her parents would be acting in their own interests according to Robertson, and in choosing to stop medical treatment of their daughter, they would be denying their child medical care deemed necessary by the state, which is illegal. With this in mind, Robertson says that the Supreme Court should not extend a family's privacy to include the refusal of necessary treatment when the [above] treatment is not causing harm to the child. Next Robertson says that if a person wants to refuse treatment while incompetent, it is their obligation to make a directive before becoming incompetent in order to refuse treatment on the principle of that particular directive, and that requiring this is "not an undue burden on persons who wish to issue directives against medical care when incompetent." If "clear evidence" does not exist in a past directive, Robertson says that providing the treatment does not alienate a person's right to regulate his/her own care because of the lack of evidence. Robertson says that people who criticize the rulings of the Cruzan case tend to find the Missouri Supreme Court's decision to not allow Nancy's parents to have their daughter's nutrition and hydration line removed unconstitutional because they overlook the distinctions that he makes in this essay. By looking at these distinctions, Robertson believes that people will see that treating Nancy Cruzan despite her parents' dissent does not violate anyone's constitutional rights. Lastly, Robertson states "Missouri, like most other states, should permit the family to stop Nancy's treatment and end their own ordeal. But Missouri violates no constitutional rights in choosing otherwise." The part about Robertson's argument that I disagree with the most is when he says that keeping Nancy connected to the feeding tube does not violate her parents' constitutional rights. According to the First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States, "one has the freedom to petition the government for a redress of grievances" and the Fourteenth Amendment states that, " The stated cannot deprive any person of life, liberty or property, without due process of law, nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." With these in mind, it is clear that leaving Nancy connected to the tube is violating her parents' rights. Her parents are going through plenty of grievances watching their daughter lay there and waste away to nothing because she did not specifically say in writing that she did not want to be attached to a feeding and hydrating line if she ever becomes brain dead. That is inflicting pain and sorrow on her parents and is violating their pursuit of happiness. According to the First Amendment, the Cruzan family has the right to petition the government to have those grievances removed. Robertson says that this is not right because the family will be doing it in their own interests because the feeding tube is not harming Nancy in any way. I don't believe that because a mother has a right to tell their child to not climb a high tree because they could get hurt. It is not necessarily hurting them,

Actions vs. Words Essay Example

Actions vs. Words Essay Example Actions vs. Words Essay Actions vs. Words Essay Abstract There are various types of communication, the most common form of communication is verbal. Verbal communication is used on a daily basis, but there is non-verbal communication that could contradict the words being stated or written. In this paper, I will examine such contradictions in verbal and non-verbal communication in my office. I will also examine various types of listening skills important for deciphering non-verbal communication. Non-verbal Communication – Actions vs. Words Verbal communication is very important in the business world, but it is often the non-verbal language that accompanies the verbal communication that determines what is taken from the conversation. A person may verbally confirm that they are fine with a situation, but their non-verbal communication (body language) may convey otherwise. Concept To Promotion is typically a very smooth running organization, there are very conflicts among the team members. There is also limited opportunity for discipline. I was recently included in a meeting in which two team members were being reprimanded for a conflict that had been handled poorly. These two individuals have dominant personalities, which means that they both want to be in charge of the assigned task, which led to conflict among the team. The meeting included the company president, the human resource director, the individuals involved and myself. I was asked to the meeting as I am the warehouse supervisor and one of the individuals involved was a warehouse employee. These employees each thought that the work should be performed according to their own schedules without regard to the requirements of the company. The specific task assigned was a direct mailing for a large electronic corporation. According to USPS and UPS standards shipments will not be accepted for next day delivery after 5 P. M. on normal business days excluding holidays. The individual in charge of the project was to process the file, print labels and postage for the mailing. The warehouse employee was to pull the mailings and apply the labels to them in time for them to ship. The file was not being processed in a timely fashion and causing the warehouse employee to rush and still not be able to meet the deadlines. During the meeting each person was addressed individually in regards to their behavioral choices and interaction within the team. Both individuals indicated verbally that they understood the situation and how the disagreement should have been handled. I did however observe one individual rolling her eyes and crossing her arms, which indicated to me that she felt that the meeting was a waste of her time because the other individual was clearly at fault for the situation. This particular individual did not take criticism well and was offended by the conversation in the meeting. I am sorry to say that this particular individual did not take what was said to heart and was fired due to repeat issues. I believe that if this individual were pulled into a private conversation with her manager or the president regarding her non-verbal communication during the meeting and been assured that this was a serious situation. Her manager should have confirmed that this type of behavior would not be tolerated and if continued it could lead to termination. This individual would have greatly benefitted from direct communication in which the seriousness of the situation was laid out in clear terms, which could leave no room for interpretation. Listening skills are also important when interacting in a business environment. A manager must be able to not only listen to verbal communication, but non-verbal communication as well. This would help to ensure that situations such as the one outlined above be avoided. If the individual’s manager had picked up one her body language during the meeting the situation could have been dealt with more effectively. Managers should be taught how to listen to non-verbal communication such as body language, facial expression and attire in order to effectively manage subordinates. It is very important that managers pay close attention to a subordinate’s non-verbal communication in any situation, but especially in a discipline setting. By addressing non-verbal communication as well as the issue at the same time a manager can be assured that the individual understands how serious the situation is and how to handle future situations to ensure that there will be no further discipline required. Communication when dealing with subordinates should include mainly words with denotative meanings. This will help the manager be certain that the individual understands what is expected and these expectations will be met.

What is the relation between reason and ethics Essay

What is the relation between reason and ethics - Essay Example Notably, Plato identified the hierarchy of forms in which ethical behavior which he denoted as the form of the good was at the topmost position in the hierarchy. In his argument, he asserted that ethical behavior denoted as true goodness only existed in the intelligible domain. Therefore, such true goodness which refers to ethics can only be understood by the intellect or reason. This is the reason why Plato highlighted that one must use the power of reason I order to exhibit ethical behavior. However, this perspective is challenged by the fact that it is God who gives command of what is ethically right. This changes the role of the power of reason and poses an additional question whether ethics depend on obedience to God. According to Plato and Aristotle, reason remains to be a core defining aspect of humanity and is of critical contribution to ethical behavior (102). Other philosophers have expanded the argument linking reason with ethics highlighting that, an agent in this case an individual must have explanatory and justification reasons for taking a certain action. One’s actions may violate certain rules, but are subject to excuse if the individual offers a rational explanation of a stronger obligation than that indicated in the rule. Therefore, this means that individuals can rely on the power of reason to justify their actions. This argument is partly based on the views of Aristotle, who highlighted that a virtuous life must take into consideration the power of reason. According to him, there two kinds of reason existed; one of them was an intellectual reason which determines what is true or false (78). On the other hand, practical reason helps an individual decide on the right way to do things. Both of these types of reasons determine the action of an individual and hence affect the affects the ethics of that

Themes The suffering body by compare the work 2 artist Louise Essay

Themes The suffering body by compare the work 2 artist Louise Bourgeois and Francis Bacon in different and similar approach under the theme of Suffering Bo - Essay Example Artists such as Louise Bourgeois and Francis Bacon (listed in their fields respectively) recognize and accept these changes and interpret them in their artworks. Art began around 15 000 BC, often favouring drawing over colour in forms such as cave paintings. There have been changes from emphasis on geometrical shapes such as mosaics and arches, religious and gothic-based, in which art evolved from it's two dimensions and was practised in sculpture format, the Victorian and art Nouveau-influenced craft movements in which art became decoration through to Dada in which the art was taken off the canvas - new materials and exhibiting practises were used to encourage stronger responses from the audience. Subject matter had changed from communicative, to aesthetic, to political, social and emotional. Dada was the jump-off point for performance art. The origin is said to be found in 1917 in Zurich, where several notable Dadaists, spoke nonsensical words to complement nonsense acts to protest the Great War and the importance f art in general: "...No more cute art in frames, no more static art that only makes the Philistines richer." An integral part f the ritual f performance art is it's ephemerality - it is not static like most artworks. After it is finished nothing will be the same again and nothing is left. Performance art is described as unprecedented and because f its originality, it is difficult to censor. It is very relevant to its time because f the short period f time needed between the process f conception and performance and political, social and philosophical views can be explored in-depth such as in the 1970's and in the 1980's in which "Queer Theatre" was founded in which homosexual issues were dealt with. It occupies an environment with specific objects and actions for a specific amount f time and because f the brevity and intent f the artwork, everything present has a meaning. Performance art also brings another change to the world f the artwork - the role f the audience. It is made to be watched and experienced in the moment specifically for those who witness it, therefore, the audience has a much more integral part. As the audience is generally small, there can be much interaction between them and the artist and the experience is much more direct and the message is more vigorously felt because f the proximity and actuality f the piece. What happens on stage can affect the audience and the artist more directly views their response. The audience can be loud, angry or irritating and what the audience does can affect the actors on stage unlike with other fixed artworks, whatever the audience does, (aside from vandalising it) the artwork will not change. Louise Bourgeois is a forerunner in performance art. His performance works are often structured around the confines f the artist's own body and often have a deeply impacting affect upon his audiences because f their graphically disturbing nature. For example, in 1977, he created the illusion f cutting off one f his arms with a small axe after stuffing meat into a shirtsleeve fitted with a prosthetic hand. In 2000 he impounded himself in a small cell-like confinement, without

Introduction To Industrialised Building System Construction Essay

Introduction To Industrialised Building System Construction Essay In this chapter, the detail of explanation and relevant literature review of Industrialised Building System in Malaysia high rise project will be presented. Generally, the contents of this chapter are covered by definitions, classification, essential characteristic, critical success factors and barriers of the IBS implementation of the high rise buildings in our local construction industry. The IBS is not a common term in Malaysia Construction industry now. Until now, it still has no one common accepted or agreed definition of IBS by any researchers. However, there are few researchers define the IBS on the characteristics and definition with different way. IBS is often referred to as off-site construction of the literature (Pan et al. 2008), remote (Blismas, 2006) the production, industrialization and automation of construction (Warszawski 1999), the off-site manufacturing, prefabricated buildings, pre-assemblies building (Gibb Isack, 2003), the prefabricated building, prefabricated building, non-traditional architecture and modern method of construction (MMC) said by Kamar, 2009. The following is the definition of the IBS from different authors: Warszawski (1999) described the process of industrialization, investment in equipment, facilities and technology to maximize production, reduce labour resources, and improve the quality. These elements are interconnected and joint together to make or improve performances of the building. Rahman and Omar (2006) said that the IBS as a construction system by using prefabricated building systems. The manufacturing of the components are done with machines, templates, and other forms of machinery and equipment. Components manufactured off-site, once completed, will be delivered to the General Assembly and erection of the construction site. IBS is defined as an integrated manufacturing and construction process, carefully planned organization, and efficient management, preparation and control of resources, activities and results from the highly developed components (Lessing, et al., 2005). The most comprehensive definition of IBS was perhaps clarified by Junid (1986). He said that in the process of industrialization in the construction industry, including IBS, building component, vision, planning, fabrication, transportation and site erection. The system includes a combination of software and hardware components of the balance between. Software includes system design; this is a complex process, learning the end-user requirements, market analysis, development of standardized components, manufacturing and assembly layout and process of the establishment, allocation of resources and material, a definition of the concept of architect framework. The software element provides a prerequisite for creating an enabling environment for industrialization and expansion. Chung Kadir (2007) defined as a large-scale production of building components IBS both in the factory or on-site according to standard shapes and sizes and transportation to the construction site, re-arrange some standard form construction and specifications Construction Industry Development Board (2003) defined as a construction method in which components are produced in a controlled environment (or off) IBS, transportation, location and assembled into a minimal additional site works with the structure. The definition of Industrial building systems (IBS) is varies. It depends on the authors position and philosophy in the ontology and epistemology. Some authors may be defined as a process or technology IBS. Table 2.1 is to highlight the definition of IBS category. On the other hand, there is an ontological position, either as a method, idea, product, innovation, improvement, modernization and new methods of provision. This problem has been discussed in the construction industry, since the industrial revolution, to change the human way of life and economic activity. Since the concept of quality improvement and in industry, invention and innovation, has become an important industry to deal with. This production and services, as the construction industry continues to progress and development, the latest and modern instrument factors. Then, every industry stakeholder can define with themselves on their practices and methods. Table 2.2 shows, only the author describes the process of defin ing a list of IBS and technology. Table 2.1: The Ontology of Building system (Sources: Adopted from Abdullah, 2009) Authors Characteristics Factory Base(Off-site) Production Techniques Mass Production Site Erection and Preassemblies Modular Component Elements Standardisation Labour Reduction Modem Method Automation Manufacturing Parid, W., 1997 X Trikha, D.N., 1999 X X X X Gibb, A,. 1999 X X X Warszawski, 1999 X X X X Ingemar, L. and Gylltoft.K 2000 X X X Kadir, M.R.A., et al., 2005 X X X X Marsono, A.K. et al,. 2006 X X X Table 2.2: The Characteristics of Building system (Sources: Adopted from Abdullah, 2009) Bil Authors Process Techniques 1 Dietz (1971) X 2 Dickerman (1973) X 3 Junid (1986) X 4 Parid (1997) X 5 Esa Nurrudin (1998) X 6 Badir Razali (1998) X 7 Trikha (1999) X 8 Warszawski (1999) X 9 CIDB Malaysia (1999) X 10 CIDB Malaysia (2003) X 11 Lessing (2005) X 12 Marsono. (2006) X 13 Rahman Omar (2006) X 14 MD Rahim (2006) X 15 Chung L.P. (2006) X 16 Henry M.A. (2006) X 17 (CIB) TG57 X 18 (CIB W24) X 2.2 Classification of IBS MMC is a long-term off-site infrastructure as technology and technological innovation of the collective description of the scene. The latter includes techniques such as thin-joint block work and tunnel in the form of construction (Goodier and Gibb, 2006). MMC also includes the floor or roof cassettes, pre-cast concrete foundation components, pre-formed wiring looms, mechanical engineering composite materials and modern construction methods. They can also include such as a tunnel or in combination with thin pieces of work (NAO, 2005; Gibb and Pendlebury, 2006) innovation (which is the essential characteristic). As the above quote, IBS is a component in which manufacturing, positioning and assembled into a structure with minimal extra site works off and on-site (CIDB, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹2003; Chung, 2006). Although outside the technology will be discussed below, on-site prefabricated IBS can be used in place of steel formwork system (CIDB, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ †¹2003) in the form. Production and construction site prior to installation, they found a remote location off-site construction of the assembly or part of the description of the spectrum. All off-site may be a general decline in IBS and MMC title, not all of the IBS and MMC can be considered as off-site (Gibb and Pendleton, 2006). Off-site construction (OSC), off-site manufacturing (OSM) and off-site production (OSP) is basically interchangeable terms refers to the construction process, to carry out the construction site, such as in factories, away from the part of or sometimes in a specially established near the construction site (or field factories) (Goodier and Gibb, 2006) of temporary production facilities. Pre-fabrication is usually in a dedicated facility where a variety of materials joined to form the final part of the installation components (Tatum et al, 1986). While, the components maybe assemble on and offsite, Pre-assembly carried on a definition as in which a variety of materials, prefabricated components and equipment to join up as a sub-unit of the installation process in a remote location. It is generally concentrated in the system (ibid). Therefore, a general classification of IBS-MMC term is promoted in this paper based on the following hypothesis compiled by the previous researchers. Figure 2.1 below is show that a generic classification of IBS in MMC. Modern Method of Construction (MMC) Industrialised Building System Non Industrialised System Off-site Manufacturing (OSM), Prefabrication, Offsite Fabrication (OSF), Offsite Production (OSP) On-Site Fabrication Pre-assembly at Factory Assembly on site Figure 2.1: A generic classification of IBS in MMC (Sources: adopted from Kamarul Anuar Mohd Kamar, 2009) As defined, IBS-MMC has a various classifications, materials, processes and systems basis. Table 2.3 describes the classification of IBS, system construction, MMC and OSMs. It compares the different views and classification terms. Table 2.3: Comparison of IBS-MMC Classification (Sources: Adopted from Kamarul Anuar Mohd Kamar, 2009) Industrialised system classification (Badir et. Al 1998) Majzub (1977) system classification MMC classification (Gibb Pendlebury, 2006). Ross and Richards on (2005) and (NOA, 2005) Gibb Issac (2003) pre-assembly and pre-fabrication classification Abosad et. Al (2009) classification on OSM IBS Classification (CIDB, 2003) -Conventional building system -Cast in situ formwork system table or tunnel formwork -Prefabricated system -Composite system -Panel System -Box System -Frame System -Volumetric -Panelised -Hybrid -Subassemblies and components -Non-off-sites-Modem Methods of Construction -Component manufacture and sub-assembly -Non-volumetric sub-assembly -Volumetric pre-assembly -Modular Housing -Volumetric System -Panelised System -Hybrid System -Sub-assemblies and component system -Modular system -Pre-cast concrete-framed building -Pre-cast concrete wall system -Reinforced concrete Building with Pre-cast concrete slab -Steel Formwork System -Steel-framed building and Roof Trusses Majzub (1977) described the construction of classification should be based on the proposed use of components in Table 2.4 the relative weights. Weight factors have a significant impact on the portability of components, but also on the production of components and field methods of installation method. By weight category, there are components used in the production of basic material itself to determine the characteristics of the system being studied to distinguish between the advantages. However, Majzub classification is found to have inadequate construction of the recently incorporated into other systems to flourish. One striking example is the interlocking load-bearing blocks; this is a group of researchers at the University Putra Malaysia brainchild. This new system construction cannot be according to the framework, panels, and even box system. On the other hand, complex system that combines two or more of the construction methods cannot be classified under the classification of Maj zub. Therefore, the classification needs to be updated to imitate current technological progress. Table 2.4: Building system classification according to relative weight of component (Source: Adopted from Majzub, 1977) No General System System Production Material 1 Frame system Light weight frame Wood, light gage metals Medium light weight frame Metal, reinforced plastics, laminated wood Heavy weight frame Heavy steel, concrete 2 Panel system Light and medium weight panel Wood frame, metal frame, and composite materials Heavy weight panel (factory produced) Concrete Heavy weight panel (tilt up- produced on site) Concrete 3 Box system (module) Medium weight box (mobile) Wood frame, light gage metal, composite Medium weight box (sectional) Wood frame, light gage metal, composite Heavy weight box (factory produced) Concrete Heavy weight box (tunnel produced on site) Concrete C:UsersAndyNGAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordNew Picture (2).png Figure 2.2 Type of Building System in Malaysia (Source: Adopted from Thanoon et al, 2003) In general, there are currently four types of building systems in Malaysia, Razali building system classification according to Badir et al. 1998, there are traditional, cast in situ, precast composite building system is shown in Figure 2.2. Each building system is on behalf of their construction method, which is further through its construction technology, features and geometry features. It is reported that there are at least 22 companies in Malaysia to provide institution building (Badir et al, 2002). From the point of  structural classification,  IBS  can be categorized  into five  major  groups, which are: prefabricated  timber  frame system Components  under  this group are  the columns, beams, floor slabs, prefabricated  roof  truss  system and similar as  made à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹from wood. Formwork system Mould for  concrete  component  moulds to  cast  there  as pillars, beams,  floor slabs  and wall panels  that can be used  repeatedly. These  moulds  are usually made  of plastic, fibreglass,  steel, aluminium  and  other  metal materials. Steel frame system Components  of this category are column, beam, portal frame and  roof  truss systems are made à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of  steel. framing systems,  panel  and pre-cast  concrete  box Components  of this category are column, beam, portal frame and  pre-cast wall panels. It also including in three-dimensional pre-fabricated  components  such as  stairs, balusters  and toilets. System block This system refers to the use of concrete block (precision block works), including lightweight concrete blocks; the blocks are locked (interlocking block) and so on. It is hoping that IBS classification can be standardized in order for IBS-MMC to be acknowledged by practitioners as a primer construction method. 2.3 Essential Characteristics of IBS This is a reasonable review of the conditions, they emphasized that the successful implementation of industrialized building systems. Each of them briefly discussed below. 2.3.1 Modular Coordination Modular coordination or MC is a dimensional system. Coordination of a modular space size  harmonized system, parts,  accessories, etc.,  so that all  elements  fit  not to cut  or extend the  components and  accessories,  even  from different vendors (Trikha, 1999) made together. It is a concept of dimension and space, including construction and components on the basis of their name is called 1M, equal to 100 mm in the basic module units or coordination. The use of MC in IBS is effective application of the important factors, because it completed the industry through quality control and productivity answered by a staff of CIDB. The objectives of the modular coordination are: Create a variety of types and sizes of building components, can minimize foundation. Through the rationalization of the construction method, each component of the design and other similar exchange, therefore, designers freedom and choice provides the greatest degree. This can take a relatively large basic unit of measurement (basic module) and by limiting the dimensions of building components to recommended preferred sizes said by Warszawski (1999). Allow easy by any prefabricated buildings layout and exchange capacity. This is to achieve a common, rather than references to other components (Warszawski 1999) definition of modular grid construction and placement of each component. To reduce waste in the production of the installation process, by increasing productivity, to improve the quality of the construction industry and to encourage an open system. With open systems approach, building components can be combined in a variety of individual projects, while ensuring that their design architects of freedom. Modular building component of the length of the coordinated application of the basic units or M = 100cm module. This allows designers to apply this size or in the production of building components, its multiple. While the concept seems easy to pass, its application in the manufacturing process involves a large degree of harmonization and alignment and component interfaces (Kamar et al. 2009). 2.3.2 Closed system A closed system can be divided into two categories, namely design and production according to customer design and production based on pre-casters. The first category is designed to meet customer space requirements, that is, the specific building design and construction of various features of the space required. In this case, the customer needs is critical, pre-caster always forced to a specific part of the building. On the other hand, the fabrication on the basis of pre-casters design, including design and production of a single building type or alternative of a group of buildings, can generate common component assortments of. Such building includes school, parking garage, gas station, low cost housing, etc. Nevertheless these types of building arrangement can be justified economically only when the following circumstances are observed (Warszawski, 1999): Commitment because of specific design and project large enough to allow for the additional cost of each component in design and production costs of distribution. Openerved a large number of architectural design elements of repetition and standardization. In this regard, a new kind of prefabricated systems can automated the design and production process to overcome a number of standardized elements of the requirements. There is sufficient demand, is a typical types such as school construction, so that mass production can be. There is a pre-caster intensive marketing strategy to inspire customers and designers in the economic and non-economic aspects of long-term potential benefits of the system. 2.3.3 Open system In closed system the limitations inherent to an open system, which allows greater design flexibility to maximize coordination with designers and pre-caster have been proposed. The system is feasible, because it allows pre-caster products in a predetermined range and architectural aesthetic value while maintaining a limited number of elements. Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar (2009) defined that open system concept is encouraged by the irritable bowel syndrome, to ensure that the architects in their design freedom. Open systems approach building components, a variety of individual projects can be combined in different products and technologies as part of interchange ability. A partition between the structure and the filling system may give different solutions, customized and pre-level standards. Separation according to building components, could lead to new forms of organization of production, use of standardized elements. Open System was first promoted during the rebuilding years of post-war Netherlands. Size, location and components of the interface rules of the open system is an important part. Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar (2009) defined open system with the following characteristics: Open system is an innovative design and construction. It allows interchange ability of various components and subsystems manufacturers and suppliers. An open architecture components together the advantages of market needs, a variety of geometric and functional building types. It will encourage participation in manufacturing and assembly to enter the market, thereby reducing the price of IBS components. It advocates a modular concept and the separation of different levels of decision-making. Use standard welding system to resolve two or more systems in a building. It allows customers to participate in the design. Customers can choose to use the components provided by the developer of any building components directory. Open system will encourage pre-assembled by a higher level of industrialization and automation. 2.3.4 Standardisation and Tolerances To achieve the requirements of modular coordination, all components need to be standardized production. This standardization of the elements of space and the need to provide at various stages of construction, such as manufacturing tolerances, the tolerances and erection tolerances, so that combined statistical considerations on acquired tolerance to the extent permitted (Trikha, 1999). If the output is standardised, then the production resources can be used in most efficient manner. Then the production process, machinery and training of workers, can best absorb the specific characteristics of the product. 2.3.5 Specialisation Large precast production and standardization of production process, the height of the division of labour. This process can be subdivided into a lot of small standardized tasks. In such working conditions, workers exposures to their work repetitiously have a high level of productivity (Warszawski, 1999). 2.3.6 Production facility The initial capital investment to establish a permanent factor is the relative experience. Plant, equipment, skilled workers, management of resources needed to produce pre-acquisition can begin. Such a huge investment can only break even, if there is sufficient demand for the product. On the other hand, the establishment of a temporary casting yard or plant in the project site to minimize transportation costs (Peng, 1986). 2.3.7 Transportation It is found that the casting slab system can reduce the cost of labour up to 30%. However, these cost savings partially offset by transportation costs. Traffic has also been a large board in the countrys road sector requirements. When adopting prefabrication system, those limitations must be taken into consideration (Peng, 1986). 2.4 Barriers of implementation of IBS in Malaysia Clearly, the benefits offered by IBS are immense and plausible. It has been six years since the launching of the IBS Roadmap 2003 and is about the end of the mission of industrialising construction. The construction industrys stakeholders are little bit sceptical on using IBS product. It is pertinent to examine the progress and how close to the completion of the mission to date. More importantly, it is imperative to evaluate whether the implementation of the roadmap has met the market response to the IBS programme so far. Most policy issues have been resolved and implemented, while all relevant documents required to support the programme have been developed. In particular activities under the charge of CIDB are all meeting their datelines. Notwithstanding these achievements a number of implementation snags were identified as being potential hurdles to the implementation of the roadmap. Warszawski (1999) pointed out some of the barriers in implementing industrialisation in construction industry. There are decline in demand and volatile of building market make an investment in IBS more risky compared to conventional labour intensive method. Prefabrication elements are considered inflexible with respect to changes with may required over its life span. At university level student are less exposed to technology, organization and design of industrialised building system. An adaptation of standardization requires a tremendous education and training effort. Standardization of building elements face resistance from construction industry due to aesthetics reservation and economic reasons (Kampempool et al, 1986). Trikha (1999) cited the hindrance to the use of IBS due to lack of assessment criteria set by the approving authorities to urge the developers to use IBS. Poor response from the construction players to modular coordination despite heavy promotions and incentives from the government is also a hindrance to the successive implementation of IBS in Malaysia. As a result, partial introduction of IBS such as lintels and staircase has not been successful compare to the traditional cast in situ design. Kamar et al. (2009) said that a clear need for the construction industry in Malaysia IBS is a huge and credible strongly encourage the government and the system implementation plan. In fact, most of the contractors are not prepared to bid for IBS construction tender. Thanoon et. al. (2003) also highlighted cheap labour cost is the main barriers to the expedition of IBS. There are wide swing in house demands, whereas mainly caused by the high interest rate and low performance in economical factor. He also pointed out lack of skilled construction workforce which severe the situation. The nature characteristics of construction project which are fragmented, diverse and involve many parties. There lack of local RD and novel building system that use local material, which makes IBS often relies to imported technology from other countries. There are also insufficient incentive and promotion from the government to use IBS. The main reasons for the low adoption of IBS in Malaysia as stated in Construction Industry Master Plan (CIMP 2006-2015) are lack of integration in design stage and poor knowledge. IBS manufacturers are currently involved only after design stage. This lack of integration among relevant players in design stage has resultant in need for plan redesign and additional cost to be incurred if IBS is adopted. Client and approving authorities have poor knowledge of IBS compared to architects and engineers. Familiarity with IBS concept and its benefits is vital to its success because IBS requires different approach in construction. Despite this advances, some of the barriers were identified as potential barriers are being implemented: 2.4.1 Awareness and Knowledge According to the IBS Roadmap Review Report (2007), in Malaysia IBS is through a client-driven. Benefit of IBS has a good knowledge and awareness of the customer is bound to encourage the appointment of architect to design building to the IBS. However, the lack of awareness programs, to understand customer needs, and give correct information on IBS lack of interest from clients and policymakers (Rahman and Omar, 2006). Therefore, IBS is often misunderstood as high-risk process, rather than any interests of the owner of the building to contribute the lack of knowledge between the designer project lead to take the extra time delay to produce the details of the drawing. Client IBS roadmap (2007) based on client review, by Malaysia IBS is no longer such as customer-oriented Jusco, Tesco and other customers have insisted fast track construction. In housing development, with good knowledge and awareness of IBS clients will thus benefit from the appointment of designers to encourage the construction of IBS. However, the lack of awareness programs, leading to misunderstanding led to a lack of interest from clients and decision makers (Rahman and Omar, 2006). IBS is from the clients point of view, unless it is necessary to fast track projects, such as Tesco, Jusco projects, often misinterpreted as high-risk and expensive solutions. Local Authority Lack of knowledge among the approving authority, IBS, and the relationship between the current building codes misunderstanding and misinterpretation. Familiar with IBS will speed up the design approval, to ensure the success of IBS projects (construction of the master plan, 2007) is essential. But most of local authorities do not know the design of IBS often need more time than usual to deal with design approval. Policy Makers Chung and Kadir (2007) observed that most local authorities in Malaysia is unlikely to change local building regulations, to meet the adjustment, will consume a lot of time and cost of IBS. IBSs mid-term review (2007) stated that through a unified architecture from low amendment (MC) of modular coordination of law enforcement (UBBL) has not been implemented due to lack of knowledge and decision-makers between the concept of understanding. Workers Government hopes the IBS will help reduce dependence on foreign workers, 30% by 2015. But most people in the industry do not think IBS will greatly decrease the number of workers in the industry. IBS is a plant from the job site environment, environmental issues, said: A senior industry source said. 2.4.2 Planning and Implementation At presents, the pre-casters and contracting companies in Malaysia involved in the construction bidding phase the value chain. However, the observation of the design of IBS, and plans need to be addressed in the form at the design stage, to be successful through the slot before casting machine, designers and contractors (IBS roadmap review, 2007) integration. As a result, many projects in Malaysia IBS are not cost-effective, because it is intended to replace the traditional methods of design. IBS application has been included in the design stage. Changes in design, requires a lot of further adjustment, the rise of the initial time and cost. In addition, IBS demands a more coherent process, from initial planning and control structure, the end of the project, in order to achieve the target, and decrease defects and errors (Gibb, 2001 and Warszawski 1999). The overall project should be considered in such way that as soon as the components are manufactured, it is probable to bring it to the construction site and assemble it. Any delay, either in workshop or construction site has been phased requirements and production plans, from the part of several construction projects, as scheduled at the same time a serious impact on production. Although you can create any type of pre-architectural design, but if the possibility of production and construction, taking into account at the design stage itself can solve several problems related to manufacturing, transportation, and assembly of complex interfaces (Pan et al. 2008 and Hamid et al. 2008). The most common problems usually involve beams, columns and column bases in connection with the improper assembly of the components. These problems arise due to the fact that the parties involved in the construction of a main underestimating the accuracy of the base line and levelling. Basically, the precise formation and alignment of the two bases is the most important aspects of the rapid success of precast concrete erection (Rahman and Omar, 2006). 2.4.3 Costs Kamar et al. (2009) mentioned that many small contractors are unwilling to use the IBS system, and want to continue using traditional construction methods. This is due to the fact that small contractors are already common with the technology and suitable for small scale projects, so do not want to switch t

The 1994 Stanley Cup Champion New York Rangers :: Hockey History Winning Sports Essays

The 1994 Stanley Cup Champion New York Rangers It is the dream of every child that has ever played hockey to one day be able to hold hockey’s most prized possession over his or her head. The glory, honor, and prestige that goes along with this trophy is by far the most elite in any sport. It is amazing to me how many years and the amount of effort these players put in just to hold this cup over their heads. Why is there such a drive and how did this trophy come to mean so much to so many people? This trophy has such humble beginnings. Originating in Canada, Hockey was taken very seriously. There was a lot of rivalry going on throughout the country, especially in the Amateur Hockey Association, as to who had the best hockey team. It was in response to this that Lord Stanley of Preston, the Governor of Central-Canada, decided to present a trophy to the team that won the championship. He said, â€Å"I have for some time been thinking that it would be a good thing if there were a challenge cup which should be held from year to year by the champion hockey team in the Dominion (of Canada)† (Nhl.com). Lord Stanley purchased a cup-like trophy for the equivalent of only $50.00, and from then on, it was presented to the winning team. â€Å"The Stanley Cup—today the symbol of the hockey championship of the world, oldest professional sports trophy in North America, glittering prize of a multi-million dollar industry, was then for amateurs†(McFarlane 14). The cup wa s first awarded in 1893 and the names of each member on the team were engraved on it. As the years went on, they were forced to add more rings around the cup to make room for all of the champion’s names. The cup started as a challenger’s cup, meaning whoever won had possession of it, but any other team could challenge them at any time for their chance at the cup. â€Å"Over the years the Stanley Cup has grown in size and importance† (McFarlane xi). The New York Rangers, who entered into the National Hockey League in the 1926-27 season, quickly became aware of what it was like to rise to the top of the league and to hold the Stanley Cup over their heads. Lead by Lester Patrick, the head coach and Bill Cook, who won the scoring title that year, the Rangers finished at the top of the league.

Hunger Games Research Paper

The Hunger Games The Hunger Games trilogy, by Suzanne Collins, takes place In a post-apocalyptic America with 12 (originally 13) Districts and an over controlling government who lives in the city known as The Capitol. As punishment for an uprising against the government almost 75 years before, each district must volunteer one male and one female between the ages of 12 and 18 every year.The well written and well known trilogy appeared on the American Library Association's (ALAS) list of most frequently banned and challenged books for the second year in a row in 2011 ranking third in cost frequently challenged books. The ALA defines a challenge as â€Å"a formal, written complaint filed with a library or school requesting that a book or other material be restricted or removed because of its content or appropriateness† (ALA). The protagonist in The Hunger Games trilogy, Catkins Overseen, must survive The Hunger Games while facing many challenges.The Hunger Games trilogy is on the LA'S list of Banned and Challenged books because of violence, being unsuited to age group, and being anta-Ethel, despite Its many contributing factors which make It a favorable trilogy, including many historical attributes. Violence is never a good thing, especially when it comes to killing. The Hunger Games trilogy Is a war trilogy with a lot of violence. Collins does a very good Job at putting In an appropriate amount of violence In each book to give It Just the right effect of gruesomeness (Bobbin).The violence in the trilogy occurs very often, mainly while the tributes are in the arena. As the tributes rise up on metal platforms, a giant metallic Cornucopia filled with helpful supplies sits in the center. Just seconds Into the games. Tributes are being slaughtered and picked off by other tributes. A boy. I think from District 9, reaches the pack at the same time I do and for a brief time we grapple for it and then he coughs, spattering my face with blood. I stagger back, repuls ed by the warm sticky spray. Then the boy slips to the ground. That's when I see the knife In his back. Collins 158) Within the first couple of minutes of the games, when everyone charges in to gather supplies from the Cornucopia, fighting starts right away and many tributes are already killed Immediately. When Cat, the male tribute from District 1, sees that the supplies that him, and the members of his alliance, had organized Into a pyramid has been blown up he goes Into a rage and walks over to the boy from District 3, who planted the mines after Cat told him to, and snapped his neck (Collins 224). The violence in this trilogy is ongoing and a natural part of a dyspepsia society.Violence is also one of the main reasons why it has been challenged for being unsuited to the age group targeted. Throughout The Hunger Games, suspense builds and the violence becomes more frequent which is one of the reasons that many parents, including a mother from Softwood, New Hampshire, have challen ged it. In 2010, the mother of a seventh- grade student claimed â€Å"her daughter was having nightmares and that the children In the book were being exploited for their having to fight each other for entertainment† (CTD. In Floorboards).The mother's challenge was unsuccessful and her daughter was taken out of class while the rest of the student read. Society would. A few of these ethical dilemmas include lying and slaughterhouse the trilogy, she is forced to face many choices that go against her morals in order to save someone (including herself) pay the ultimate price of their lives (Bobbin). Not many people would be willing to kill someone for any reason even if it is to save someone else's life which are dilemmas Catkins faces on a day to day basis, both inside the arena and out.A decision that Catkins faces is to either kill her friend and fellow tribute from District 12 and win, or kill herself and let PETA win. Both Catkins and PETA choose that they would rather kill t hemselves than kill one another and let the Capitol have no single victor (Bobbin). There are many other decisions that Catkins and her friends must make throughout the trilogy. Although the Hunger Games has been challenged by many people to be taken off shelves, very few have been successful because it has many contributing factors that make the trilogy marvelous.Many history teachers like to teach this book due to the many historical attributes throughout the book. Many history teachers say that Collins based Catkins off of the hero in the myth of Theses and the Minotaur (or the Labyrinth myth). According to the author of the Percy Jackson series, Rick Ordain, â€Å"Collins has transformed the ancient Labyrinth myth into a terrifyingly believable tale of future America† (Ordain). In a high school in Texas, English teacher Rebecca Tortes stated that â€Å"History teachers also enjoyed the references to classic history and gladiator theme† (CTD. N Smith). Many history teachers say this because fighting for the entertainment of the government is what gladiators and these tributes did. All in all, The Hunger Games is a thrilling trilogy in which many fight for the government's entertainment. Many challenges saying that The Hunger Games are violent, unsuited to the age group, and anti-ethic have been made but few have been successful because of the many historical references made throughout the trilogy.

The Toulmin Model Of Argument 1 - 1533 Words

The Toulmin Model of Argument (adapted from: http://schoolnet.org.za/twt/09/M9_argumentation.pdf) In his work on logic and argument, The Uses of Argument, Stephen Toulmin indicates three major, necessary parts of an argument, along with three additional, optional parts. The three major parts are the claim, the support, and the warrants. Claim: This is the disputable assertion for which a speaker argues. The claim may be directly stated or the claim may be implied. You can find the claim by asking the question, What is the author trying to prove? Support: These are the reasons given in support of the claim; they are also known as evidence, proof, data, arguments, or grounds. The support of a claim can come in the form of facts and†¦show more content†¦Women are just as effective as men in combat. Affirmative action undermines individual achievement. Illegal immigrants are taking away jobs from Americans who need work. 2. Claims of definition. What is it? What is it like? How should it be classified? How can it be defined? How do we interpret it? Does its meaning shift in particular contexts? Examples: Alcoholism is a disease, not a vice. We need to define the term family before we can talk about family values. Date rape is a violent crime. The death penalty constitutes cruel and unusual punishment. 3. Claims of cause. How did this happen? What caused it? What led up to this? What are its effects? What will this produce? Examples: The introduction of the computer into university writing classes has enhanced student writing ability. The popularity of the Internet has led to a rise in plagiarism amongst students. The economic boom of the 1990s was due in large part to the skillful leadership of the executive branch. 4. Claims of value. Is it good or bad? Beneficial or harmful? Moral or immoral? Who says so? What do these people value? What value system will be used to judge? Examples: Doctor-assisted suicide is immoral. 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